-
1 MacGregor, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 1873 Hebburn-on-Tyne, Englandd. 4 October 1956 Whitley Bay, England[br]English naval architect who, working with others, significantly improved the safety of life at sea.[br]On leaving school in 1894, MacGregor was apprenticed to a famous local shipyard, the Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company of Jarrow-on-Tyne. After four years he was entered for the annual examination of the Worshipful Company of Shipwrights, coming out top and being nominated Queen's Prizeman. Shortly thereafter he moved around shipyards to gain experience, working in Glasgow, Hull, Newcastle and then Dunkirk. His mastery of French enabled him to obtain in 1906 the senior position of Chief Draughtsman at an Antwerp shipyard, where he remained until 1914. On his return to Britain, he took charge of the small yard of Dibbles in Southampton and commenced a period of great personal development and productivity. His fertile mind enabled him to register no fewer than ten patents in the years 1919 to 1923.In 1924 he started out on his own as a naval architect, specializing in the coal trade of the North Sea. At that time, colliers had wooden hatch covers, which despite every caution could be smashed by heavy seas, and which in time of war added little to hull integrity after a torpedo strike. The International Loadline Committee of 1932 noted that 13 per cent of ship losses were through hatch failures. In 1927, designs for selftrimming colliers were developed, as well as designs for steel hatch covers. In 1928 the first patents were under way and the business was known for some years as MacGregor and King. During this period, steel hatch covers were fitted to 105 ships.In 1937 MacGregor invited his brother Joseph (c. 1883–1967) to join him. Joseph had wide experience in ship repairs and had worked for many years as General Manager of the Prince of Wales Dry Docks in Swansea, a port noted for its coal exports. By 1939 they were operating from Whitley Bay with the name that was to become world famous: MacGregor and Company (Naval Architects) Ltd. The new company worked in association with the shipyards of Austin's of Sunderland and Burntisland of Fife, which were then developing the "flatiron" colliers for the up-river London coal trade. The MacGregor business gained a great boost when the massive coastal fleet of William Cory \& Son was fitted with steel hatches.In 1945 the brothers appointed Henri Kummerman (b. 1908, Vienna; d. 1984, Geneva) as their sales agent in Europe. Over the years, Kummerman effected greater control on the MacGregor business and, through his astute business dealings and his well-organized sales drives worldwide, welded together an international company in hatch covers, cargo handling and associated work. Before his death, Robert MacGregor was to see mastery of the design of single-pull steel hatch covers and to witness the acceptance of MacGregor hatch covers worldwide. Most important of all, he had contributed to great increases in the safety and the quality of life at sea.[br]Further ReadingL.C.Burrill, 1931, "Seaworthiness of collier types", Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architechts.S.Sivewright, 1989, One Man's Mission-20,000 Ships, London: Lloyd's of London Press.See also: Ayre, Sir Amos LowreyFMW -
2 Ports and shipping
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Armstrong, Sir William GeorgeEgerton, FrancisLi GaoPeter the GreatShen GuaStanhope, Charles -
3 Laird, John
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 1805 (?) Greenock, Scotlandd. 26 October 1874 Birkenhead, England[br]Scottish pioneer of large-scale iron shipbuilding.[br]When only 5 years old, Laird travelled with his family to Merseyside, where his father William Laird was setting up a ship-repair yard. Fourteen years later his father established the Birkenhead Ironworks for ship and engine repairs, which in later years was to achieve great things with John Laird at the helm. John Laird trained as a solicitor, but instead of going into practice he joined the family business. Between 1829 and 1832 they built three iron barges for inland use in Ireland; this form of construction had become less of a novelty and followed the example set by Thomas Wilson in 1819, but Laird was fired with enthusiasm for this mode of construction. New iron ships followed in rapid succession, with two of especial note: the paddle steamer Lady Lansdown of 1833, which was dismantled and later re-erected on the river Shannon, becoming one of Britain's first "knock-down" contracts; and the early steamer Robert F.Stockton, which had a double Ericsson screw propeller and the first iron transverse watertight bulkheads. With the good name of the shipyard secure, they received orders from MacGregor Laird (John Laird's younger brother) for iron ships for the West African trade. This African connection was to grow and the yard's products were to include the Ma Roberts for Dr David Livingstone. Being of steel and with constant groundings on African rivers, this craft only lasted 18 months in steady operation. In 1858 a new yard dedicated to iron construction was opened at Monk's Ferry. In 1861 John Laird was returned as the first Member of Parliament for Birkenhead and his sons took over the day-to-day affairs of the business. Laird was to suffer acute embarrassment by questions at Westminster over the building in the Birkenhead Works of the United States Confederate raider Alabama in 1862. In 1874 he suffered serious injuries in a riding accident; his health declined and he died later that year.[br]Bibliography1858, with Fairbairn, Forrester, Lang and Sea-ward, Steam Navigation, Vessels of Iron and Wood, the Steam Engine, etc. 2 vols, London: Weale.FMW
См. также в других словарях:
Macgregor — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Carlos Mac Gregor Ancinola (* 1955), mexikanischer Architekt Gregor MacGregor (1786–1845), Heerführer in den südamerikanischen Befreiungskriegen Ian Macgregor (* 1983), US amerikanischer Radrennfahrer John … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert — /rob euhrt/, n. 1. Henry Martyn /mahr tn/, 1837 1923, U.S. engineer and authority on parliamentary procedure: author of Robert s Rules of Order (1876, revised 1915). 2. a male given name: from Germanic words meaning glory and bright. * * * (as… … Universalium
Robert — (as used in expressions) Adam, Robert Aldrich, Robert Altman, Robert (B.) Ashe, Arthur (Robert), Jr. Baden Powell (de Gilwell), Robert Stephenson Smyth, 1 barón Bakewell, Robert Baldwin, Robert Ballard Robert D(uane) Bly, Robert (Elwood) Borden,… … Enciclopedia Universal
Robert Roy MacGregor — (* 7. März 1671 in Glengyle am Loch Katrine; † 28. Dezember 1734 in Inverlochlarig Beg, Balquhidder), auch bekannt unter dem Namen Rob Roy, war ein schottischer Volksheld und Geächteter des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts. Leben Rob Roy wurde in Glengyle … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Roy MacGregor — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Imagen de Rob Roy datada en 1820 Robert Roy MacGregor (7 de marzo de 1671, 28 de diciembre de 1734) fue un famoso héroe del folclore escocés. Algunos se han aventurado a reconocerlo como el v … Wikipedia Español
MacGregor — or Macgregor or McGregor or Mcgregor may refer to::Clan Gregor (Scottish clan) People: * Alasdair Alpin MacGregor (1899–1970; writer and photographer) * Alexander MacGregor (b. in 1960s; pharmaceutical scientist) * Chummy MacGregor (d. 1973; jazz … Wikipedia
Robert MacGregor (engineer) — Robert MacGregor was a British engineer, who, during the 1920s, concerned over unnecessary losses of North Sea colliers, developed the first steel hatch cover.The design was simple and consisted of five articulated leaves that stowed neatly at… … Wikipedia
MacGregor — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Carlos Mac Gregor Ancinola (* 1955), mexikanischer Architekt Clarence MacGregor (1872–1952), US amerikanischer Politiker Clark MacGregor (1922–2003), US amerikanischer Politiker Gregor MacGregor… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert II of Scotland — Robert II King of Scots Reign 22 February 1371 – 19 April 1390 Coronation 26 March 1371 Predecessor David II Successor … Wikipedia
Robert Woods — (* 19. Juli 1936 in Colorado) ist ein US amerikanischer Schauspieler. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Filmografie (Auswahl) 3 Weblinks 4 … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Woods — Robert Woods, né le 29 juillet 1936 dans le Colorado, est un acteur américain. Biographie Filmographie 1960 : Ces folles de filles d Ève (Where the Boys Are) : joueur de guitare électrique 1965 : Los Pistoleros de Arizona :… … Wikipédia en Français
